Click on thumbnail for larger image.

Catalogue number 130026 Spidola at the Ateliers et Chantiers Augustin-Normand, 1925-26 Whilst Osvetnik and Smeli were on the slipway (see below), the Ronis class submarine Ronis was being completed in the same shipyard for the Latvian Navy. Her sister ship was laid down at the same time in the Le Havre shipyard of the Ateliers et Chantiers Augustin-Normand. Spindola is shown with most of the deck in place, note the gun plateform and guard rail aft of the conning tower. Alongside Spindola are two other submarines under construction, one of which we can see the gun plateform forward of the bridge. The Ariane class submarines were under construction at the same time in this shipyard and they had a forward gun plateform and slightly sloping top to the conning tower as seen here. Verso:"Submarine Spidola 1920 (sic)" in French and in light pencil 13.9cm x 8.9cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 95052 Spindola as commissioned An officer and men of the Latvian Navy gather round the conning tower of Spindola (launched 1926, commissioned 1927), note the 75mm gun mounted aft. A second submarine in moored to port, maybe Ronis. 12.2cm x 8.6cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 126046 Pluviôse class French submarine There follows some photographs of submariners taking it easy and enjoying the fresh air. In this photograph, the officers are seated towards the stern whilst the men forward, food and drinks are available. The torpedo dropping cages can be seen on the hull and some kind of dodgers are out to keep other vessels off the submarine and its diving vanes. Note the folding dingy in the foreground. From the yachts in the background, it looks like the submarine is in the harbour at Monaco. 11cm x 8,2cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 29026 Lunch on Atalante Three officers are have lunch on the raised foredeck of the French submarine Atalante in 1917. Verso:"Lunch on the deck of Atalante 1917" in French and in light pencil 10.8cm x 6.3cm Matt gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 29026 Officers and crew dinning on Atalante Officers forward, men aft. The officers appear to have a table and chairs whilst the men sit on the deck casing. 10.8cm x 6.3cm Matt gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 125003 Atalante and Artemis at Cannes A good photograph of the crews on board these two French submarine taking it easy in the winter sunshine at Cannes harbour. Note the lady and gentleman sitting on the stern of Atalante. Verso:"1914/18 war. Cannes harbour. Submarine of Louis Belot" in French and in black ink 13.8cm x 8.9cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 121015 Taking it easy on H.M.S. B2 B2 is swinging off a buoy in a British navy mooring, we can see destroyers and cruisers in the background. Two officers are seated on folding chairs one of whom is using binoculars, is it a megaphone on the ledge of the conning tower? The hydroplanes on the conning tower cast a shadow on the port hull. 13cm x 8.1cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 129080 The deckchair is out on H.M.S. C5 Several submarines are moored off buoys, including C5 (center) and probably C10 (right) with other C class submarines and H.M.S. Bonaventure (submarine tender from 1907 to 1919) in the background. An officer is sitting in a deckchair resting his feet on the conning tower hydrovanes whilst men are on folding chairs and the decking. C10 and H.M.S. Bonaventure were together with the 6th Submarine Flotilla, Humber in 1914 and again with the 2nd Flotilla, Tyne in 1916. 13.5cm x 8.4cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 130028 Serb submarines Osvetnik and Smeli, Ateliers et Chantiers de la Loire, 1927-28 The submarines Osvetnik (yard number 570) and Smeli (yard number 569) were laid down at the Ateliers et Chantiers de la Loire, Nantes, France in 1927 for the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (to become Yugoslavia). Here we can see the keel of Osvetnik, right, and the ribs of Smeli in place, left. Verso:"Bte G2 (boite G2 ?) Sous-marins serbes 569/570 Octobre 1927" 17cm x 12cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 130029 Serb submarines Osvetnik and Smeli, Ateliers et Chantiers de la Loire, 1927-28 This photograph taken in November 1927 shows that work on Osvetnik hasn't progressed much other than staging being built up center and right. Plating has been fitted to Smeli. Verso:"Bte G3 Sous-marins serbes (Novembre 1927) 569/570" 12cm x 17cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 130030 Serb submarines Osvetnik and Smeli, Ateliers et Chantiers de la Loire, 1927-28 By December, much work had been done on both hulls, the opening for two torpedo tubes can be seen on Smeli, the hull plating is continuing on Osvetnik. Note the unidentified submarine in the river by the slipway. Verso:"Bte G4 Sous-marins serbes 569/570 Decembre 1927" 12cm x 17cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 130031 Serb submarines Osvetnik and Smeli, Ateliers et Chantiers de la Loire, 1927-28 Both submarines were fitted with two German MAN diesels each driving a single shaft. Verso:"Bte G10 Embarquement des moteurs à bord des sous-marins serbes Juillet 1928" 12.1cm x 16.7cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 130032 Serb submarines Osvetnik and Smeli, Ateliers et Chantiers de la Loire, 1927-28 This bow view shows two of the forward torpedo tubes, note the workmen just left of center. Verso:"Bte G13 Mars 1928 Sous-marins serbes" 16.9cm x 12.1cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 130033 Serb submarines Osvetnik and Smeli, Ateliers et Chantiers de la Loire, 1927-28 Construction of Smeli (yard number 569) is well advanced. Note the lower torpedo tube left being fitted into the bow. Verso:"Bte G16 Sous-marins serbes Juin 1928 " 12.1cm x 17cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 130034 Serb submarines Osvetnik and Smeli, Ateliers et Chantiers de la Loire, 1927-28 The decking is going up on both hulls. Verso:"Bte G17 Sous-marins Juillet 1928" 12.4cm 17.1cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 130035 Serb submarines Osvetnik and Smeli, Ateliers et Chantiers de la Loire, 1927-28 The diesel motor going into Smeli. Surface speed was 14.5 kts and range was 6,500 km (9 kts). Submerged speed was 9.2 kts and range was 139 km. Verso:"Bte G18 Embarquement des moteurs à bord des sous-marins serbes Juillet 1928" 17cm x 12.3cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 130036 Serb submarines Osvetnik and Smeli, Ateliers et Chantiers de la Loire, 1927-28 Close-up of a diesel going into one of the two submarines. Verso:"Bte G19 Embarquement des moteurs à bord des sous-marins serbes Juillet 1928" 17.2cm x 12.2cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 130037 Serb submarines Osvetnik and Smeli, Ateliers et Chantiers de la Loire, 1927-28 Overall view of Osvetnik seen from the bow. Smeli was launched in December 1928 and Osvetnik in January 1929. Verso:"Bte G28 Sous-marin serbe "Osvetnik" vu de l'avant" 16.9cm x 11.9cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 129100 Prisoners from E15 The prisoners shown here are from the British submarine E15. They were captured when E15 attempted to pass through the Dardanelle Straits into the Sea of Marmara. On 17th April 1915, E15 entered the Straits but was caught by strong currents and swept ashore under the Turkish guns at Kephez Point. Firing on the grounded E15, she was hit by shells killing the Captain T. Brody and five other crew. The others surrendered to the Turks and amongst the prisoners was C.E.S. Palmer, previously the British Vice Consul at Chanak (a city on the Dardanelle Straits). As an officer of the Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve, Palmer had insisted on being taken on board E15 and was given the rank of Temporary Lieutenant. Although the Turks had found documents on E15 confirming this rank, the Turks preferred to say Palmer, given his previous functions, was a spy and they threatened to execute him unless he gave information about the planned Allied attack on the Dardanelles. Quick thinking by Palmer had him give information on the real landing place then direct the Turk’s attention to a landing in the Gulf of Saros saying that the original plan had been compromised. In exchange the Turks guaranteed Palmer’s status as a prisoner of war. Palmer was an intelligence officer on the staff of Admiral de Roebeck and the information he gave was false and misled the Turks and their German advisor when the real landing took place. That the British were so insistent in destroying the foundered E15 leads one to believe that she was carrying sensitive documents associated with the mission of Palmer. The submarine B6, two destroyers, another submarine B11 and two battleships were successively sent without success into the Straits to destroy E15 before one of two steam pickets finally blew up E15 with two torpedoes. (references: Liman von Sanders, the Capture of Lieutenant Palmer, and Ottoman Anticipation of the Allied Landings at Gallipoli on 25 April 1915, Tim Travers, The Journal of Military History, Vol. 65, No. 4 2001, pp. 965-979 and Submarine E15, Paul McNeil, Time Detectives Blog, 2015) Recto: "The captured prisoners of the English submarine from the Dardanelles at Constantinople. Seated between two officers is Palmers (sic), a former English consul in Constantinople." in Hungarian 18.6cm x 12cm Printed image

Catalogue number 82 30 First Holland submarine prior to launching in 1897 The Holland submarine is on the stocks at the Crescent Shipyards, Elizabeth, New Jersey, note the initial white top colour scheme and the steering rudder forward of the screw. The man standing by the submarine looks like Lewis Nixon who ran the shipyard. Note the pivoting bow stem as a move towards streamlining. Verso: "Holland type submarine on the stocks" in French and in fine black ink Projections Molteni, Radiguet & Massiot, Paris 6.5cm x 4.5cm Printed image

Catalogue number 81 29 Holland SS-01, Long island 1899 Note the rudder and diving vanes are now placed aft of the screw following modifications in 1898-1899. The two masts were folded down when the boat submerged. Verso: "Holland type submarine, aft view" in French and in fine black ink Credit: Projections Molteni, Radiguet & Massiot, Paris 7cm x 5cm Glass plate positive

Catalogue number 71046 Adder class submarines Shark and Porpoise, circa 1905 The Cresent Shipyard also built the Shark and the Porpoise (both launched 1901), Adder class submarine torpedo boats as they were called. They are shown here on cradles in the New York Navy Yard. They had one torpedo tube in the stem and carried five torpedoes. 14cm x 7.9cm Printed colour image

Catalogue number 126035 Royal Navy Holland N°2 alongside H.M.S. Hazard Tied up alongside the submarine depot ship H.M.S. Hazard are two Holland type submarines. Initially, the Royal Navy was hesitant about investing in submarines but as France and the U.S.A. developed submarines, so the Admiralty decided to order five Holland boats to be built under licence in the Vickers shipyard. These vessels were very simple in design - a four cylinder petrol engine, one 70 hp electric motor giving 6 kts, one bow tube and three 14-inch torpedoes, all squeezed into a hull of 19.5 meters overall - and served essentially for experimentation and to acquire experience with underwater craft. Not the absence of a proper conning tower and hence the risk of swamping when underway. Recto: "A British Submarine alongside parent ship" 14.4cm x 8.3cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 112073 Royal Navy H.M.S. Holland boats The low profile of a submarine at sea has always been a source of accidents and particularly so for the early submarines. These two Holland boats have navigation lights on a short mast aft of the hatch. Note also the conning wheel forward of the open hatch of the inner submarine. Verso: Postcard sent from Leicester to an address in Brussels, 1905 13.8cm x 8.9cm Printed colour image

Catalogue number 108033 Conning a Holland submarine The Holland boats had a crews of seven or eight (depending on source) and the conning position, when on the surface, had the cowswain sat on the small conning tower and steering by way of a wheel, shouting orders down to the engine room. Recto: "N°5 Submarine, Steaming 10 knots. Credit: Rotary Photo 13cm x 7.3cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 105121 H.M.S. Holland 3 underway Another view of the conning position, in a calm sea as seen here, it seems quite reasonable but wait until the wind gets up !. Recto: "Submarine N°3" Verso: Message from Doncaster to a friend in Barton on Humber, franked 1907 13.8cm x 8.8cm Printed image

Catalogue number 123099 H.M.S. Holland submarine Underway with three offices on deck, note the small hatch combing and rails to stop wires catching on the hatch although the binnacle is a source of problems. 13.3cm x 8.3cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 25033 B Class U.S. Navy submarines, Algiers 1913 B-2 (SS-11, Cuttlefish) and B-3 (SS-12, Tarantula) onboard collier U.S.S. Ajax on their way out to the Philippine Islands and arriving at Manila Bay 30th April 1913. These submarines had two 18-inch torpedo tubes and carried four torpedoes. Here the screw and rudder of each boat have been removed during transport. Verso: "Photo of two submarines on the deck of the transport ship "Ajax". The American transport ship "Ajax" Algiers 19 March 1913" in French and in light pencil Credit: Emile Durand 11cm x 8.2cm Matt gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 32021 Three Naïade class French submarines Between 1903 to 1905, the French Navy launched twenty Naïade class petrol-engined submarines. Torpedoes were launched from Drzewiecki drop collars fixed to the external hull. Dorade is behind Grondin with an unidentified submarine in the foreground. These boats have more freeboard compared to those illustrated above and were considered good boats on the surface. Verso: "Grondin Dorade" in French and light pencil Credit: Bougault 27.9cm x 22cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 46307 The Grondin Flat calm sea and the crew of the Grondin take a break in the sun. The officer has two voice tubes in his hands and the boat seems to be running slow ahead leaving the port of Toulin. Verso: "Grondin" in light pencil 25.4cm x 15.6cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 32020 The Anguille, launched 1904 The last of this series of photographs of Naïade boats. Voice tubes come out of the small bridge, note the glazed conning position with guide rails to raise cables and nets over the bridge Verso: “Anguille" in light pencil Credit: Bougault 23.9cm x 17.9cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 108126 The three D class U.S. Navy submarines Narwal, Grayling and Salmon were the three D class submarines laid down in 1908. Streamlining has improved and the boats now have a proper bridge structure to which further space could be made using a scafolding and canvas structure. They had four torpedo tubes but carried no reloads. Recto: "A Division of Submarines Credit: Muller10 Unknown american submarines wb62 108126 13.1cm x 8cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 105020 Four U.S. Navy K class submarines with the tender U.S.S. Tallahassee Four of the eight K class submarines (built 1912 - 1914) alongside their tender. Note the forward hydrovanes on the third submarine to port, these folded back into the hull when underway on the surface. 13.7cm x 8.6cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 28006 K8, K2 and another boat We can see some of the detail of the narrow bridge and the small conning tower of the boats at this time. There seems to be some confusion with the naming of the boats. K8 painted on the hull aft by the open hatch cover (but see 32 on the periscope mast, K8 was 39) in center, outboard is (see 33) and inboard appears to be 31 (this number was given to the sole G class boat G3 (ex-Turbot) but the boat shown here looks like an H class boat (aft part of the bridge is pointed, position of foothold on the bridge). Note the small flag on the periscope to indicate the presence of a submerged boat. Recto: "Submarines in the foreground and battleships and torpedo boats in the background, San Diego, California." Verso: Long text about the emergence of submarine warfare Credit: Keystone View Company 10.8cm x 6.9cm Printed image

Catalogue number 45206 The Royal Navy A class submarines The A class were both the first Admiralty-designed submarines and the first to have a conning tower. H.M.S. A10 had two 18-inch bow torpedo tubes, note the piping and canvas temporary bridge structure. Credit: Perkins 12.7cm x 8cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 45209 H.M.S. A12 running on the surface Again the temporary canvas bridge structure is out and the boat is running at speed in a calm sea. The men are wearing the white woolen pullover characteristic of the submarine service. 13.4cm x 8.2cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 98032 H.M.S. A13 running trimmed down With the hull just above sea level and periscope up but nevertheless the boat has a very low profile and would be very difficult to see in anything but clear weather. H.M.S. A1, A3 and A4 were all involved in collisions. 12.7cm x 8cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 123009 H.M.S. B10 The B class was the natural follow-on from the As with improvements all round, for example, more powerful, although still petrol-driven, engine, greater speed and range and the addition of a deck casing. In addition to stern hydrovanes, several boats received bow hydroplanes as well and photographs exist of B10 with both sets of hydrovanes. B10 sank when hit by bombs from aircraft of the Austro-Hungarian Naval Air Service in 1916. Recto: Stamp George V Malta Verso: "A thousand kisses. From he who always loves you. La Valette 1915" in French and in fine black ink Credit: Ellis 13.6cm x 8.7cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 121015 Relaxing on H.M.S. B2 Whilst B2 appears to be moving slowly to her mooring (or is she hanging off a buoy), some offices and men relax on the deck casing. B2 was initially fitted with extra diving planes on the conning tower and this is what we may see on the forward part of the tower - see the plane-like shadow on the casing. These planes were later removed and bow hydroplane were fitted. We can also see the very flimsy nature of the piping and canvas bridge extension. B2 was sunk in collision with S.S. Amerika off Dover in 1912, victim of a low profile (only the conning tower was showing) and navigating in a busy seaway. 13.1cm x 8cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 117092 Four C class submarines tied up in port This is a splendid photograph of C class submarines with part of the crew on deck - plus two inquisitive young boys! We have, from left to right, C2, C1, C4 and in the background, an unknown boat and C6. The photograph was taken in Alexandra Dock in Grimsby. Canvas covers are over the hatch down into the boat. C2, C4 and C6 have the diving planes on the conning tower. The boats have several periscopes up. Note how the various chains and ropes are tidy and well stowed. Verso: "Submarines C series. C1, shown here between two other submarines, is ....(editor's note: missing word "without" ?) the visable middle diving rudder (editor's note: plane ?). Also, it seems that these submarines do not have forward diving planes, because they are moored to the quay without taking any particular precautions as if they did not have anything sticking out of the hull forward." in French and in black ink with some words missing to the right , 19.8cm x 15.2cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 124106 C3, the martyr of Zeebrugge Raid C3 attacked the viaduct leading to the mole at Zeebrugge in 1918. Members of the volunteer crew are identified here (from left to right: Petty Officer Harner, Leading seaman Cleaver, Stoker Bendall and Engine Room Artificer Roxburgh). 14cm x 8.9cm Printed image

Catalogue number 35141 The wreck of C3 after the explosion, Zeebrugge 1918 The, by then, old C3 has her bows packed with explosives and she was run into the piles of the viaduct. On exploding, the remains of C3 were blown back from the point of impact. As a result, German land reinforcements could not reach the mole where the main attack took place. For more photographs see the topic "The Raids on Zeebrugge and Ostend, April 1918" under the heading "The Ships". Recto: "Mole in Zeebrugge. engl. Angriff April 1918" in black ink. (Mole at Zeebrugge. English attack April 1918) 5.6cm x 4.1cm Gelatin silver print.

Catalogue number 121017 C5 and diving planes C5 underway on the surface, officers and men on the bridge/bridge extension, note the diving planes forward of the bridge and on which a sailor is standing, stub mast and flag right at the stern of the boat, the officer far right may be holding a voice tube to communicate with the engine room.. 13.4cm x 8.2cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 121016 C11 coming into port. C11 with two officers, a Midshipman and 13 crew on deck, note sailor manning the wheel just behind the officer on the lefthand side of the bridge, there are no diving planes. In July 1909, C11 put to sea from Grimsby (see above, Catalogue number 117092) with several torpedo boats and nine C class submarines for exercises, H.M.S. Bonaventure leading the three lines of three C class submarines to the south. On a clear night and with the naval convoy showing all lights, S.S. Eddystone steaming north ran into the lines of submarines, hit C11 and cut off her tail, the boat sank almost immediately and there were only three survivors. 13.5cm x 8.4cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 121043 The construction of SC-2, July 1910 At the end of the 19th century, the government of Peru turned to France and Great Britain when it began a modest naval rearmament programme in an attempt to counter the rising hostility of its neighbours. France was particularly active with, in 1904, a Naval Mission under Lieutenant de Marguerye helping to organising the Peruvian Navy and its naval college. Following this, Peru ordered two Laubeuf type SC submarines - Ferré and Palacios. This series of photographs shows the construction of these submarines at the Schneider shipyard, Chalon-sur-Saône. Here the keel has be laid down and the ribs are being put into place. Recto: “SC2 26 July1910” in French and in black ink 17.2cm x 12cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 121044 The construction of SC-2, bow view, August 1910 Most of the inner hull plates are fixed and the outer hull is being plated over. Verso: “SC2 (bow view) end of August 1910” in French and in pencil 16.9cm x 11.9cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 121045 The construction of SC-2, stern view, August 1910 Plating has reached the stern but special ribs for propellor shafts and rudder need to be fitted before the hull can be finished. Verso: “SC2 (stern view) end of August 1910” in French and in pencil 17.5cm x 11.9cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 121046 The construction of SC-2, bow view, November 1910 Construction of the deck has started. Formed up plating lies around center left. A second SC submarine under construction can be seen in the left background. Verso: “Submersible SC2 12 November 1910” in French and in black ink 16.8cm x 11.8cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 121047 The construction of SC-2, stern view, December 1910 The stern hull plating is in place, note the difficult shapes that had to be formed from the flat plate. The two propellor shaft tunnels are in place. Hull plating is around the scafolding, some bored and ready to be riveted into place, other plates are yet to be drilled. Verso: “SC2 10 December 1910” in French and in black ink 16.8cm x 11.7cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 121048 The construction of SC-2, stern view, January 1911 The outer hull plating has advanced as has the deck construction. The A-frames for the propellor shafts are in place.. Verso: “SC2 21 January 1911” in French and in pencil 17.2cm x 12.3cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 121049 The construction of SC-2, bow view, January, 1911 Both SC submarines can be seen in this photograph, the foremost being the most advanced. Is it caulking showing through the hull plates just right of center? Plating of the free-flooding deck structure has started. Verso: “21 January 11 C2” in French and in pencil and black ink 17.1cm x 12cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 121050 The construction of SC-2, bow view, February, 1911 It is interesting to note the two rows of what look like bolts on the upper part of the bow. These disapear in the following photographs and may be to hold some structure on the inside of the hull. Verso: “Submersible SC2 22 February 11” in French and in pencil 17.5cm x 12.3cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 121051 The construction of SC-2, bow view, March, 1911 Construction is well advanced and the hull appears to be complete. There is no trace of the two rows of "bolts". A shelter has been put up to enable work on the conning tower. Verso: “SC2 31 March 1911” in French and in black ink 17.3cm x 12.3cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 121052 The construction of SC-2, stern view, April, 1911 This view shows the starboard hydroplanes fore and aft. Verso: “Submersible SC2 29 April 1911 17cm x 11.8cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 121053 The construction of SC-2, June, 1911 Construction is finished and the boat is ready to be launched sideways into the river. The Peruvian and French flags are flying and a small crowd has gathered to watch the event. Verso: “SC2 - Launch 24 June 1911” in French and in black ink 17cm x 12.3cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 105056 Le Porteur The Schneider shipyard at Chalon-sur-Saône was over 500 km from the sea and the torpedo boats and submarines that were built there were carried down via the rivers Saone and Rhone to Port Saint-Louis. A specially adapted barge named Le Porteur was flooded down and the vessel entered by a stern opening. The barge was then pumped out with the vessel resting on its cradle. Verso: Text in French from a wounded soldier in Chalon, dated 1914 14cm x 9cm Printed image

Catalogue number 46298 Le Porteur The barge Le Porteur is shown here loaded with a Schneider-built torpedo boat ready to be towed down to the sea. Verso: Text in French from a soldier cook, dated 1914 and sent from Montchanin, near Chalon-sur-Saöne 14cm x 9cm Printed image

Catalogue number Le Kanguroo The cargo ship Kanguroo was specially built to transport the submarines Ferre and Palacios from the Mediterranean Sea to Peru. At 33.5m in length/300t displacement, it was considered that the vessels themselves were not suitable to do the crossing under their own power or under tow. Credit: Taken from the Wikipedia article on SS Kanguroo

Catalogue number 41069 Le Kanguroo The vessel has been ballasted down by the stern and the bow rises above sea level. The bow plates can now be removed then the hull frames. 14.8cm x 9.2cm Printed image

Catalogue number 36032 Le Kanguroo The bow plates and frames have been removed and appear to be loaded on the barge alongside. Note the spare propeller on the deck just forward of the bridge. Verso: “Le Kangurou (sic)” Credit: M. Rol 16.1cm x 10.4cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 27045 Le Kanguroo Young visitors have been rowed out to have a closer look at the Kanguroo. Note the rivet holes and the remains of caulking on the hull plates. 8.7cm x 12.8cm Modern copy print courtesy of P-A. Dollé

Catalogue number 46298 Le Kanguroo Here we can see the cradles that will support a submarine. 7cm x 10cm Printed image

Catalogue number 26032 Le Kanguroo The vessel has been ballasted so that the sea can flood into the well deck. Once the submarine is loaded, a water-tight bulkhead (see arch a few meters back from the bow) seals off the well deck from the forepeak Verso: “8.7.13 Marseille. Inside of the transport ship “Kangouroo” flooded, ready to load the submarine “Palacios” in French 11.8cm x 16.7cm Matt gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 27044 Le Kanguroo Kanguroo ready for the Palacios to be floated into the well deck, 8th or 28th July 1913. 9.8cm x 14.2cm Modern copy print courtesy of P-A. Dollé

Catalogue number 41072 Le Kanguroo This may be Ferre moving into the well deck of Kanguroo. 10.5cm x 8cm Printed image

Catalogue number 121042 Le Kanguroo Ferre is being manoeuvred into the well deck amid a host of crew and interested visitors. 16.8cm x 12.5cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 41067 Le Kanguroo This photograph is taken looking towards the stern of the ship and the bow plates can be seen stored on a barge to port. Verso: “The Kanguroo, vessel used to transport submarines, sunk in the bay of Funchal (Madeira). The bow of this ship can be removed and opens up a kind of tunnel into which the submarine enters.” in French Credit: Rol 11.9cm x 16.5cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 27045 Le Kanguroo View looking forward with the submarine ready to ballast down onto the support cradles. It looks like the water-tight bulkhead has been put in place. 9.7cm x 14.1cm Modern copy print courtesy of P-A. Dollé

Catalogue number 41075 Le Kanguroo This view shows the submarine floating in the water-filled hold. 10.5cm x 8cm Printed image

Catalogue number 41073 Le Kanguroo The submarine is positioned so that as it fills its ballasts and sinks down, it will rest on the cradles fixed in the well deck. 10.8cm x 6.9cm Printed image

Catalogue number 46298 Le Kanguroo The submarine, here the Ferre, has descended onto the cradles and both submarine and well deck have been pumped out. The submarine is ready for its long voyage to Peru. We can clearly see the water-tight bulkhead forward. Verso: “SC2 (stern view) end of August 1910” in French and in pencil 10.5cm x 13.7cm Printed image

Catalogue number 105049 Laubeuf submarines for Japan Following the order from Peru, the Schneider shipyard at Chalon received orders to build Laubeuf type submarines for Japan (SD1 and SD2), Greece (SD3 and SD4) and Romania (SD5, SD6 and SD7). However, war broke out during the construction and several submarines were requisitioned by the French Navy. SD1 shown here at its launching went to Japan but its sister SD2 was requisitioned in 1916 and became Armide. Verso: “Launch SD1 Japan 11 Nov 1913” in French and in pencil 14cm x 6cm Matt gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 121041 Laubeuf submarines for other navies This would appear to be a photograph of the Greek submarine Delphin, we can see on the conning tower that the last letters of the name are“IN”. Delphin was launched in 1911. However, the boat is flying the French flag. Delphin was requisitioned by the French Navy. Verso: “SC3 March 1912” in French and in pencil 16.9cm x 11.9cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 22005 The Peruvian submarine Aguirre The Peruvian submarine Aguirre (Laubeuf type SC1) is seen here at Saint Mandrier across the bay from the naval base of Toulon, 1912. The oiler Rhone can be seen in the background. SC1 was launched as Aguirre but was renamed Ferre in 1912. 14cm x 9cm Gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 27006 Antigone or Armide From the text, it is not clear whether this submarine is Armide (built as SD2 for Japan) or Antigone (built as SD3 for Greece). However, the former was completed in 1916 and the later in 1917 whilst the photograph is dated 1915 so it may be one of the other Laubeuf type SD submarines. Verso: “French submercible” in red crayon, “Armide"in pencil then "(1915)” in red crayon, “Antigone” in pencil, text in French. 32cm x 18.3cm Matt gelatin silver print

Catalogue number 118112 Possibly Greek Laubeuf type submarines, 1913 The two submarines shown here at the Schneider shipyard have been described as the two Laubeuf type submarines Delphin and Xiphias, built for the Greek Navy but requisitioned by the French Navy. 9cm x 14cm Printed image